31 Oct 2024 03:00
The Urtext Illusion: Textual Variance in Bach's "Aria Variata" BWV 989
Last week I posted this piece on YouTube:
The most intriguing part of studying this piece was the overwhelming amount of differences between the three earliest sources of this work. Here is a list of the sources I reference in the episode , the copyists, and when they were made:
The ‘Andreas Bach Book’ (D-LE III.8.4) J. Christoph Bach; copyist, between 1705-1714
P 801 J. Tobias Krebs; copyist, between 1710-1717
P 804 J. Peter Kellner; copyist, before 1725
In the episode I simply refer to these as Andreas Bach, Krebs, and Kellner.
You will hear a great amount of textual variation between these sources. Part of any performer’s job of playing music from Bach’s era includes combing through sources, determining how and why certain discrepancies appear. In the Aria Variata, however, the discrepancies are inconsistent— and perplexing.
My current understanding of source tradition hasn’t led me to any conclusion, but were I bold enough to take a stab, I’d guess Andreas Bach is the most accurate source, Kellner made a very sloppy copy from which Krebs copied. Kellner’s copy is full of corrections, but these were probably entered at a later date, and Krebs didn’t get the memo. A taste of what this looks like:
That is Kellner’s copy. Notice the ornaments. Compare to Krebs:
Both have an E-flat in on the downbeat of the third bar (all three sources in this episode use soprano clef on top). Now here is Andreas Bach:
D-sharp in bar three! Also, the ornamentation is fuller.
There are many other details in the episode, so please, enjoy! Here are more images to stimulate your fancy:
Krebs’ wavy hand.
Kellner making mistakes, corrected by— whom? Kellner himself?
The baffling passage in variation 4 in Andreas Bach. Notice what look like erasures on some of the notes.
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